This option is used to define the spring behavior for spring elements.
In ABAQUS/Standard analyses it is also used to define the spring behavior for ITS and JOINTC elements. If the *SPRING option is being used to define part of the behavior of ITS or JOINTC elements, it must be used in conjunction with the *ITS or *JOINT options and the ELSET and ORIENTATION parameters should not be used.
Products: ABAQUS/Standard ABAQUS/Explicit
Type: Model data
Level: Part Part Instance Assembly
Set this parameter equal to the name of the element set containing the spring elements for which this behavior is being defined.
Set this parameter equal to the number of field variable dependencies included in the definition of the spring stiffness data, in addition to temperature. If this parameter is omitted, it is assumed that the spring stiffness is independent of field variables. See “Using the DEPENDENCIES parameters to define field variable dependence” in “Material data definition,” Section 9.1.2 of the ABAQUS Analysis User's Manual, for more information.
Include this parameter to define nonlinear spring behavior. Omit this parameter to define linear spring behavior.
This parameter applies only to ABAQUS/Standard analyses.
If the option is being used to define the behavior of SPRING1 or SPRING2 elements, this parameter can be used to refer to an orientation definition so that the spring is acting in a local system. Set this parameter equal to the name of the *ORIENTATION definition (“Orientations,” Section 2.2.5 of the ABAQUS Analysis User's Manual).
This parameter applies only to ABAQUS/Explicit analyses.
Set this parameter equal to the tolerance to be used for regularizing the material data. The default is RTOL=0.03. See “Material data definition,” Section 9.1.2 of the ABAQUS Analysis User's Manual, for a discussion of data regularization.
First line:
Enter a blank line.
Second line:
Spring stiffness (force per relative displacement).
In an ABAQUS/Standard analysis this data item corresponds to the frequency (in cycles per time, for *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS, DIRECT and *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS, SUBSPACE PROJECTION analyses only). Leave this field blank in an ABAQUS/Explicit analysis.
Temperature.
First field variable.
Second field variable.
Etc., up to five field variables.
Subsequent lines (only needed if the DEPENDENCIES parameter has a value greater than five):
Sixth field variable.
Etc., up to eight field variables per line.
Repeat this set of data lines as often as necessary to define the spring stiffness as a function of frequency, temperature, and other predefined field variables.
First line:
Enter a blank line.
Second line:
Force.
Relative displacement.
Temperature.
First field variable.
Second field variable.
Etc., up to five field variables.
Subsequent lines (only needed if the DEPENDENCIES parameter has a value greater than five):
Sixth field variable.
Etc., up to eight field variables per line.
Repeat this set of data lines as often as necessary to define the spring stiffness as a function of temperature and other predefined field variables.
First line:
Degree of freedom with which the springs are associated at their first nodes or, for JOINTC elements, the degree of freedom for which the spring behavior is being defined.
For SPRING2 elements give the degree of freedom with which the springs are associated at their second nodes.
If the ORIENTATION parameter is included on the *SPRING option when defining spring elements or on the *JOINT option when defining joint elements, the degrees of freedom specified here are in the local system defined by the *ORIENTATION option referenced.
Second line:
Spring stiffness (force per relative displacement).
Frequency (in cycles per time, for *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS, DIRECT and *STEADY STATE DYNAMICS, SUBSPACE PROJECTION analyses only).
Temperature.
First field variable.
Second field variable.
Etc., up to five field variables.
Subsequent lines (only needed if the DEPENDENCIES parameter has a value greater than five):
Sixth field variable.
Etc., up to eight field variables per line.
Repeat this set of data lines as often as necessary to define the spring stiffness as a function of frequency, temperature, and other predefined field variables.
First line:
Degree of freedom with which the springs are associated at their first nodes or, for JOINTC elements, the degree of freedom for which the spring behavior is being defined.
For SPRING2 elements give the degree of freedom with which the springs are associated at their second nodes.
If the ORIENTATION parameter is included on the *SPRING option when defining spring elements or on the *JOINT option when defining joint elements, the degrees of freedom specified here are in the local system defined by the *ORIENTATION option referenced.
Second line:
Force.
Relative displacement.
Temperature.
First field variable.
Second field variable.
Etc., up to five field variables.
Subsequent lines (only needed if the DEPENDENCIES parameter has a value greater than five):
Sixth field variable.
Etc., up to eight field variables per line.
Repeat this set of data lines as often as necessary to define the spring stiffness as a function of temperature and other predefined field variables.