The trend toward increasing link bandwidths, processor speeds, and memory sizes has helped fuel the congestion problem and has made it the key performance issue in the design of networking protocols.

Issues that effect the congestion scheme design for ATM networks are addressed. Recent results related to explicit rate based congestion control approach adapted by the ATM Forum are presented.

We have developed a series of switch algorithms that provide fast high throughput, and low delay to the data traffic. These algorithms have been designed to provide a fast response so that all unused bandwidth is available to the users as soon as possible. The design principles of these algorithms will be presented. Finally, open issues are discussed.

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