Product: ABAQUS/Standard
Mesh:
Collapsed elements with 1/4 point midside nodes are used at the crack tip. Half of the test geometry is modeled. A coarse and a fine mesh are tested.
Material:Young's modulus = 207 GPa, Poisson's ratio = 0.3.
Boundary conditions:
along edge ED, 
at point D.
Loading:
Uniform stress, 
= 100 N/mm2.
This is a test recommended by the National Agency for Finite Element Methods and Standards (U.K.): Test 2.1 from NAFEMS publication “2D Test Cases in Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics,” R0020.
Target solution: K
/K
= 3.0, K = 
The results are shown in the following table. The values enclosed in parentheses are percentage differences with respect to the reference solution.
K = 
. An average of the J values calculated by ABAQUS, excluding the first contour, is used in reporting the results. Experience has shown that the crack-tip elements do not give sufficiently accurate results to give good estimates of the J-integral for the first contour.
CPE8 elements, coarse mesh.
CPE8 elements, fine mesh.
CPE8R elements, coarse mesh.
CPE8R elements, fine mesh.