*HEADING
 COPPER ROD IMPACT (AXISYMMETRIC)
 SECTION CONTROLS USED (HOURGLASS=COMBINED)
 Johnson-Cook plasticity with Johnson-Cook rate dependency 
 and Johnson-Cook shear failure
**
**  This example simulates the high velocity impact of a copper rod
**  onto a rigid wall.  Similar tests have been performed to determine
**  the material constants for high-pressure equations of state, and
**  the test is sometimes described as the Taylor bar experiment.
**  Extremely high plastic strains develop at the crushed end of the
**  rod, resulting in severe local mesh distortion.
**
*RESTART, WRITE, NUMBER INTERVAL=20
**
**  Generate a 10 x 36 mesh for the bar
**
*NODE, NSET=CORNERS
   1, .0000, .0000
  11, .0032, .0000
 397, .0000, .0324
 407, .0032, .0324
*NGEN, NSET=HEAD
   1,  11, 1
*NGEN, NSET=TAIL
 397, 407, 1
*NFILL, NSET=ROD
 HEAD, TAIL, 36, 11
*NSET, NSET=AXIS, GENERATE
  1, 397, 11
*NSET, NSET=BODY, GENERATE
 12, 407,  1
*NSET,NSET=NOUT
 397,
*ELEMENT, TYPE=CAX4R
 1, 1, 2, 13, 12
*ELGEN, ELSET=ROD
 1, 10, 1, 1, 36, 11, 10
**
**  Representative material properties for copper
**
*MATERIAL, NAME=COPPER
*ELASTIC
 124.E9, 0.34
** Young's unit: Pa
*PLASTIC,HARDENING=JOHNSON COOK
 90.E6, 292.E6, 0.31, 1.09, 1083., 25.
** A & B unit: Pa
*RATE DEPENDENT,TYPE=JOHNSON COOK
 0.025, 1.0
** unit: reference strain rate has a unit of s^(-1)
*SHEAR FAILURE,TYPE=JOHNSON COOK,ELEMENT DELETION=YES
 0.54, 4.89, -3.03, 0.014, 1.12
*INELASTIC HEAT FRACTION
 1.,
** dimensionless
*SPECIFIC HEAT
 383.,
** unit: J/kgK
*EXPANSION
 5.E-5,
** unit: K^(-1)
*DENSITY
 8.96E3,
** unit: kg/m^3
*SOLID SECTION, ELSET=ROD, MATERIAL=COPPER, CONTROL=B
*SECTION CONTROLS, HOURGLASS=COMBINED, NAME=B
**
** Rigid wall 
*NODE
 1000, 0.,   -0.0001
 1001, 0.,   -0.0001
 1002, 0.01, -0.0001
*ELEMENT,TYPE=RAX2,ELSET=WALL
 1001,1001,1002
*BOUNDARY
 AXIS, 1
 1000, 1, 2
 1000, 6
*INITIAL CONDITIONS, TYPE=TEMPERATURE
 ROD,  25.
*INITIAL CONDITIONS, TYPE=VELOCITY
 ROD, 2, -227.
**
*NSET,NSET=NOUT
HEAD,407
*ELSET,ELSET=EOUT,GENERATE
1,10,1
**
**  Run the problem for 80 microseconds
**
*SURFACE,TYPE=ELEMENT, NAME=WALL
 WALL, SPOS
*SURFACE,TYPE=NODE, NAME=ROD
 ROD,
*RIGID BODY,ELSET=WALL,REF NODE=1000
*STEP
*DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT, ADIABATIC
 ,80.E-6
**
*CONTACT PAIR
 WALL, ROD
**
***OUTPUT,HISTORY,TIME INTERVAL=1.E-7
***ENERGY OUTPUT
**DT,
**ALLKE,
***NODE OUTPUT,NSET=NOUT
**U,
*OUTPUT,FIELD,VAR=PRESELECT,NUMBER INTERVAL=5
**
** Output requests for qa testing
**
*NSET,NSET=QA_TEST
NOUT,
*ELSET,ELSET=QA_TEST
EOUT,
*OUTPUT,FIELD,NUMBER INTERVAL=1
*NODE OUTPUT,NSET=QA_TEST
U,
*ELEMENT OUTPUT,ELSET=QA_TEST
PEEQ,
*OUTPUT,HISTORY,VAR=PRESELECT,TIME INTERVAL=2.E-5
*FILE OUTPUT, TIMEMARKS=YES, NUM=1
*EL FILE,ELSET=EOUT
 PEEQ,
*NODE FILE,NSET=NOUT
 U,
*ENERGY FILE
*END STEP